Chief physician of medical oncology, national second-level professor, master tutor

Chinese expert consensus on aging and anti-aging (2019)

May 24,2022

The aging of population is an urgent problem to be solved in the world. As a country with a large population, China's population aging problem is particularly serious. Therefore, actively responding to the aging of the population and practicing the "Healthy China Action" is not only the goal of the country, but also the unshirkable mission of the majority of scientific and technological workers. In order to further refine the direction of discipline development, popularize the national public's understanding of aging mechanism and anti-aging science and technology progress, and guide the development of health industry, on the basis of the consensus of Chinese aging and anti-aging experts released for the first time in 2013, combined with the major achievements of global aging and anti-aging research in recent years, we have reached the following consensus: 1. Aging is a biological process that occurs slowly and universally with increasing age. Aging (aging (American), aging (British)) refers to the process of irreversible decline in the normal physiological functions of biological individuals. The phenomenon of aging is conservative in biological evolution, and even single-celled eukaryotes such as yeast can undergo aging. Human aging can be manifested as skin folds, gray hair, slow movement, reduced secretion of related hormones, memory decline, and degenerative changes in various tissues and organs. Generally speaking, human aging is a biological process that occurs slowly and inevitably. Aging is a necessary step for an individual to die naturally. Its biological significance is to leave growth and living resources for the new individual to maintain the survival and continuation of the species on the earth. Senescence and developmental processes differ significantly. Human development from a fertilized egg to an intact fetus takes about 40 weeks to complete and is subject to strict genetic regulation. In contrast, aging usually takes decades from the beginning to the appearance of degenerative changes, and the process is subject to a certain degree of procedural regulation and a variety of factors. Because of the above characteristics, the research on the mechanism of aging usually has a variety of uncontrollable factors and takes a long time. 2. Senescent cells are the basic building blocks of the aging of human organs and tissues. Cell is the basic unit of organism structure and function, and it is also the basic unit of organism aging. The concept of cell senescence (cellular senescence) was first proposed by American scientists in Hayflick, that is, cells that have the ability to proliferate gradually stop proliferation, volume expansion, and increased particulate matter. Although senescent cells are still living cells, these cells destroy the microenvironment of cells by secreting some specific cytokines (such as inflammatory factors) and affect the normal cells around them. It is generally believed that in the aging process of the body, the aging and even depletion of adult stem cells is an important cause of tissue and organ aging and senile diseases. A series of studies have shown that the removal of senescent cells can effectively alleviate the symptoms of aging-related diseases. These results demonstrate the causal relationship between cellular senescence and aging and aging diseases, and also provide a theoretical basis for reducing the occurrence of aging-related diseases by removing senescent cells or promoting cell senescence. 3. Aging is an important risk factor for the development of geriatric diseases. Geriatric disease (age-related diseases) is a general term for a variety of diseases that increase significantly with age and are closely related to aging, which belongs to the category of chronic diseases. A large number of studies have shown that aging is closely related to the occurrence and development of senile diseases, and it is an important risk factor for the occurrence and development of senile diseases. Due to the causal relationship between aging and geriatric diseases, it is difficult to distinguish the different characteristics of "physiological aging" and "pathological aging" in clinical practice. Therefore, there is still no specific biomarker (biomarker of aging) that has nothing to do with disease. The occurrence and development of geriatric diseases is based on the aging mechanism, which is in line with the long-term research conclusions of basic medicine. It is also convenient for us to determine the prevention and treatment goals of geriatric diseases and improve the public's awareness of geriatric diseases. It can be said that the mechanism of aging is one of the important research contents of the basic theory of geriatrics. It makes us clearly aware that geriatric disease is a disease that is difficult to cure. Its root is that aging is a normal physiological phenomenon and an inevitable biological process. It also further reflects the basic research results to serve the "health and disease treatment of the elderly". "The goal. Vascular aging is one of the important risk factors for chronic diseases in the elderly. Blood vessels are the induction and trigger organs of human organs and tissues aging, and the degenerative changes of vascular endothelial structure and function are the earliest pathological changes of vascular aging. Vascular aging is the basis and key link of the comorbidity of many chronic diseases (such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, heart, brain, renal vascular diseases and peripheral vascular diseases) in the middle-aged and elderly people, which seriously threatens the health of the middle-aged and elderly people. Therefore, actively studying and exploring the mechanism of vascular aging, clarifying the characteristics of early vascular aging, and striving for early detection and early intervention are the key means to prevent and treat vascular-related diseases, improve the quality of life of elderly patients, and reduce national medical expenses. At the same time, the mechanism of vascular aging Research also provides new research targets and directions for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. 5. Strengthen the correlation between aging markers and clinical frailty and comprehensive geriatric assessment. The goal of basic research on aging is to improve human health and promote more accurate and efficient clinical practice. In order to better apply the research results of aging mechanism, it is suggested to strengthen the research on the correlation between aging markers and clinical frailty and comprehensive assessment of the elderly. Frailty (frailty), also known as weakness, refers to the non-specific state of the elderly due to the cumulative decline of various physiological functions and the decline of physiological reserve capacity, which leads to the increase of body vulnerability and the decline of anti-stress ability. Frailty is a common clinical syndrome in the elderly and is an intermediate state from health to death. Grip strength, walking speed, chronic inflammatory factors and other aspects of the changes throughout the elderly health, aging, disease and end-of-life process, is also an important indicator of correlation research. 6. Human longevity is determined by a combination of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors. Human longevity (human longevity) is affected by many factors, such as genetic factors, external environment and lifestyle. The "genetic factors" referred to here include both genetic and epigenetic aspects. Twins and epidemiological investigations indicate that genetic factors contribute about 15%-25% to longevity. However, the study found that the long-lived people have obvious family aggregation, and their immediate family members are more likely to live longer and less suffer from senile diseases, indicating the importance of genetic factors in the long-lived family population. Moreover, in view of the fact that more long-lived elderly people have bad habits such as smoking, drinking, high-fat diet, and lack of exercise, it is further explained that the unique genetic characteristics can help them avoid the impact of adverse external factors on their health. Through genetic studies, it is found that the variation of some important genes (such as FOXO3A and APOE) is significantly related to the long-lived population, suggesting that the long-lived population has an innate advantage in the genetic background. Therefore, the longevity phenomenon caused by the extension of life expectancy is likely to be based on genetic factors, combined with environmental factors and lifestyle. 7. Anti-aging is active health, less disease, late disease, is an important strategy to extend the healthy life. Anti-aging (anti-aging) refers to an active health strategy based on the mechanism of aging, using a variety of biotechnology, health products and drugs to delay the aging process. The concept of "anti-aging" in this consensus is equivalent to "delaying aging". The goal of anti-aging is to get sick less, get sick later, and prolong healthy life. Anti-aging strategies include: removing senescent cells, taking drugs, restricting diet, interfering with intestinal flora, supplementing stem cells and active factors. The effective scheme is usually the comprehensive application of a variety of strategies, which may include: moderate diet, moderate exercise, good psychological state, appropriate supplement of health products and so on. The results of several scientific studies show that anti-aging may be best from middle age. In the life cycle from early childhood, adolescence, middle age to old age, the phenomenon of physiological decline in old age is different from that of young age, that is, the phenotype of aging. In addition, the middle-aged (defined as 45-65 years old in foreign countries) human body has gradually appeared some obvious changes related to aging, and has accumulated some damage. Therefore, anti-aging from middle age, the effect will be better. 8. Supplementing cells and active factors can improve the health of middle-aged and elderly people and treat diseases Human aging is closely related to the aging of stem cells in tissues. By infusing cells or active factors, it is possible to reduce the harm of aging and improve the health of middle-aged and elderly people, which is a kind of scientific anti-aging strategy. With the development of bioengineering and biotechnology, it has been possible to achieve large-scale in vitro and engineering expansion of stem cells, immune cells, skin cells, cartilage cells and other somatic cells; it can also extract active factors secreted by cells and apply them to the treatment of some diseases. Transplanted cells can play a role of substitution or supplement to reshape the regeneration and repair ability of the human body in the aging stage; it can also improve the tissue microenvironment, promote blood vessel regeneration, and improve the microcirculation blood supply of tissues and organs through paracrine function, thereby improving the health of the elderly. In view of the fact that some mechanisms in this field have not been studied clearly and there are still many problems, it is recommended to strengthen high-quality randomized double-blind controlled studies to ensure that the relevant applications are based on rigorous science. 9. Inherit the essence of traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese culture and promote the characteristic development of geriatric science. In order to meet the challenge of the rapid aging of our population, we must base ourselves on China's social reality and historical tradition. Therefore, both the study of aging mechanism and anti-aging practice should be combined with the essence of Chinese traditional medicine and Chinese culture to promote the characteristic development of geriatrics (geroscience). Only in this way can our country cope with the challenge of aging more calmly and improve the health level of middle-aged and elderly people. Chinese traditional medicine, which has existed in China for more than 2000 years, has made great contributions to the survival and development of Chinese civilization. At the same time, it has also developed many principles and therapies for understanding aging and anti-aging, which are worthy of our inheritance and development. In addition, the fine tradition of respecting the elderly and filial piety in Chinese culture, and the peaceful vision of "several generations living together" are very conducive to the mental health of the elderly and the prevention and treatment of geriatric diseases, which are worthy of further development. Academic Guidance: Academician Tong Tanjun Sponsor (in order of the initials of the Chinese phonetic alphabet, ranking is not in any order): Quiet Bao Zhijun Bian Shuguang Cao Huifeng Cao Liu Cai Wangwei Chen Chang Chen Caizhen Chen Di Chen Haiyang Chen Houzao Chen Jieli Chen Jun Chen Ning Chen Weichun Chen Xiaoliang Cong Yu Sheng Chu Yan Hui Cui Ying Cui Li Li Fifth Permanent Chief Dou Fei Du Guankui Fan Hui Fan Yanfu Fan Yibing Fang Min Fang Penghua Feng Jiang Feng Qing Gao Bo Gao Changhong Ge Renshan Gong Zhang Bin Guo Hongyan Guo Li Guo Lianfang Han Hui Han Limin Han Xiaoping He Guozhong He Qi Yang He Yu Qi Hu Qiu Ling Hu Ping Huang Chao Huang River Lang Huang Xin River Ji Fang Jiang Hua Jin Guoqin, Jin Si, Jin Yuling, Jiang Ying, Ju Zhenyu, Ke Zunji, Kong Qingpeng, Kong Yating, Lei Yan, Li Baojie Li Chunjiang Li Fanghui Li Furong Li Haipeng Li Guolin Li Keshen Li Lei Li Lingwei Li Longxuan Li Ningxu Li Shao Li Wei Li Xiyi Li Xia Li Xiuxia Li You Li Zhong Lin Yajun Lin Rong Liang Qicheng Liang Xinglun Liang Xun Factory Liu Baohua Liu Huijuan Liu Guanghui Liu Hao Liu Jian Liu Health Liu Junbo Liu Junping Liu Jianfeng, Liu Jianfeng, Liu Min, Liu Qiang, Liu Rui, Liu Tingting, Liu Xinguang, Liu Xing, Liu Yong, Ling Zhongxin Liu Jun, Liu Li, Lu Chengbiao, Lu Jian, Lu Ming, Lu Li, Lu Xiaowei, Luan Ping, Long Qing, Dro Huanmin Luo Huairong, Luo Jinlan, Luo Li, Luo Lili, Luo Yong, Ma Hongxia, Ma Ning, Ma Shuxia, Ma Quan Hong, Ma Rubiao Ma Wenbin Mao Genxiang Mao Zebin Mao Zhiyong Mei Qi Jian Miao Dengshun Ni Ting Nian Peipei Nie Xuqiang Peng Xiaolin Park Jinhua Qin Xujun Qin Zhenghong Qian Feng Qian Yayun Qiu Qiang Qiu Xiaoyi Qu Jing Parsley Ren Fengyun Ren Ruotong, Ruan Qingwei, Shen Jie, Shi Hong, Song Chengjie, Song Shouzhong, Song Xiaoyu, Song Xusong, Yangzhou, Song Mo Zhi Sun Fangling, Sun Peng, Sun Yu, Sun Yun, Tai Xiantao, Tang Haitao, Tao Jun, Qin Jian, Tang Tieshan, Tian Jing Tian Xiaoli Tian Ye Tong Tan Jun Wan Zhongxiao Wang Bin Wang Changhe Wang Changping Wang Changyi Wang Chunbo Wang Chunming Wang Didi Kingdom Fu Wang Hua Wang Jianwei Wang Kai Wang Lingling Wang Xiaoming Prince Mei Wang Ziying Wang Qinwen Wang Rong Wang Wen Wang Wei and Wang Wei Wang Yali Wang Yongchun Wang Zhao Wang Chaohui Wang Zhongwei Wang Zhen Wang Feng Wang Zhihong Wu Guisheng Wu Lei Wu Limin Wu Qing Wu Yiping Xia Shi Jin Xia Su Ying Xia Xiaohong Xiao Junjie, Xiao Man, Xie Meilin, Xie Nanzi, Xiong Xingdong, Xiong Zhifan, Xu Chong, Xu Defeng, Xu Shujun, Xu Shun Xu Xiaohong Yan Dongjing Yan Xingwei Yang Chun Yang Deying Yang Jinbo Yang Jing Yang Mingyao Yang Maojun Yang Xin . 3. Yang Xiaobo, Ye Shengqin, Yin Dazhong, Yin Yue, Yin Yaling, Yu Jianchun, Yu Yanqiu, Yu Yingjun, Yu Wei Yu Zhuowei, Yuan Ning, Zeng Yan, Zhai Qiwei, Zhai Yonggong, Zhan Libin, Zhang Dayong, Zhang Fengning, Zhang Guo, Zhang Hongbo Zhang Jinlin, Zhang Jingjing, Zhang Jianjun, Zhang Li, Zhang Lina, Zhang Lan, Zhang Ming, Zhang Pengxia, Zhang Peng, Zhang Tao, female Zhang Tao Little Female Zhang Tao Male Zhang Weiqi Zhang Wen Zhang Songlun Zhang Xiaowei Zhang Xuekun Zhang Xuejun Zhang Yu Zhang Yucheng Zhang Zongyu Zhang Zhongshan Zhao Bao Lu Zhao Jianhua Zhao Lichun Zhao Ling Zhao Lei Zhao Yong Zhao Ying Zheng Chao Zheng Cheng Ying Zheng Li Guo Zheng Rong Liang Zheng Yan Zheng Zhigang Zhong Ya Zhou Chuan Bo Zhou Guang Zhou Jin Ming Zhou Jun Zhou Ruowang Zhou Xicheng Zhou Yeqi Zhou Zhongguang Zhu Guiming Zhu Jiangui Zhu Li Zhu Mei Zhu Yuechun Zou Chenggang Zou Jun Writings: He Qiyang, Liu Guanghui, Bao Zhijun, Kong Qingpeng, Tao Jun, Yu Yanqiu, Lei Yan
Chinese expert consensus on aging and anti-aging (2019)

The aging of population is an urgent problem to be solved in the world. China as a country with a large population, the aging of the populationThe problem is particularly serious. Therefore, actively responding to the aging of the population and practicing the "Healthy China Action" is not only a nationalThe goal is also the duty-bound mission of the vast number of scientific and technological workers. In order to further refine the direction of the development of the discipline,To popularize the national public's understanding of the aging mechanism and the progress of anti-aging science and technology, and to guide the development of the health industry, weIn 2013, on the basis of the "Chinese Aging and Anti-aging Expert Consensus" released for the first time, combined with recent yearsThe major achievements of global aging and anti-aging research have reached the following consensus:

1. Aging is a biological process that occurs slowly and universally with increasing age.

Aging (aging (American), aging (British)) refers to the normal physiological functions of biological individuals.The process of reversible decay. The phenomenon of aging is conserved in biological evolution, even in single-cell eukaryotes such as yeast.Ageing also occurs. Human aging can be manifested as skin folds, gray hair, slow movement, reduced secretion of related hormones, memory decline, and degenerative changes in various tissues and organs. Generally speaking, human aging is a biological process that occurs slowly and inevitably. Aging is a necessary step for an individual to die naturally. Its biological significance is to leave growth and living resources for the new individual to maintain the survival and continuation of the species on the earth.

Senescence and developmental processes differ significantly. Human development from a fertilized egg to an intact fetus takes about 40 weeks to complete and is subject to strict genetic regulation. In contrast, aging usually takes decades from the beginning to the appearance of degenerative changes, and the process is subject to a certain degree of procedural regulation and a variety of factors. Because of the above characteristics, the research on the mechanism of aging usually has a variety of uncontrollable factors and takes a long time.

2. Senescent cells are the basic building blocks of the aging of human organs and tissues.

Cell is the basic unit of organism structure and function, and it is also the basic unit of organism aging. The concept of cell senescence (cellular senescence) was first proposed by American scientists in Hayflick, that is, cells that have the ability to proliferate gradually stop proliferation, volume expansion, and increased particulate matter. Although senescent cells are still living cells, these cells destroy the microenvironment of cells by secreting some specific cytokines (such as inflammatory factors) and affect the normal cells around them. It is generally believed that in the aging process of the body, the aging and even depletion of adult stem cells is an important cause of tissue and organ aging and senile diseases. A series of studies have shown that the removal of senescent cells can effectively alleviate the symptoms of aging-related diseases. These results demonstrate the causal relationship between cellular senescence and aging and aging diseases, and also provide a theoretical basis for reducing the occurrence of aging-related diseases by removing senescent cells or promoting cell senescence.

3. Aging is an important risk factor for the development of geriatric diseases.

Geriatric disease (age-related diseases) is a general term for a variety of diseases that increase significantly with age and are closely related to aging, which belongs to the category of chronic diseases. A large number of studies have shown that aging is closely related to the occurrence and development of senile diseases, and it is an important risk factor for the occurrence and development of senile diseases. Due to the causal relationship between aging and geriatric diseases, it is difficult to distinguish the different characteristics of "physiological aging" and "pathological aging" in clinical practice. Therefore, there is still no specific biomarker (biomarker of aging) that has nothing to do with disease.

The occurrence and development of geriatric diseases is based on the aging mechanism, which is in line with the long-term research conclusions of basic medicine. It is also convenient for us to determine the prevention and treatment goals of geriatric diseases and improve the public's awareness of geriatric diseases. It can be said that the mechanism of aging is one of the important research contents of the basic theory of geriatrics. It makes us clearly aware that geriatric disease is a disease that is difficult to cure. Its root is that aging is a normal physiological phenomenon and an inevitable biological process. It also further reflects the basic research results to serve the "health and disease treatment of the elderly". "The goal.

Vascular aging is one of the important risk factors for chronic diseases in the elderly.

Blood vessels are the induction and trigger organs of human organs and tissues aging, and the degenerative changes of vascular endothelial structure and function are the earliest pathological changes of vascular aging. Vascular aging is the basis and key link of the comorbidity of many chronic diseases (such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, heart, brain, renal vascular diseases and peripheral vascular diseases) in the middle-aged and elderly people, which seriously threatens the health of the middle-aged and elderly people. Therefore, actively studying and exploring the mechanism of vascular aging, clarifying the characteristics of early vascular aging, and striving for early detection and early intervention are the key means to prevent and treat vascular-related diseases, improve the quality of life of elderly patients, and reduce national medical expenses. At the same time, the mechanism of vascular aging Research also provides new research targets and directions for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

5. Strengthen the correlation between aging markers and clinical frailty and comprehensive geriatric assessment.

The goal of basic research on aging is to improve human health and promote more accurate and efficient clinical practice. In order to better apply the research results of aging mechanism, it is suggested to strengthen the research on the correlation between aging markers and clinical frailty and comprehensive assessment of the elderly. Frailty (frailty), also known as weakness, refers to the non-specific state of the elderly due to the cumulative decline of various physiological functions and the decline of physiological reserve capacity, which leads to the increase of body vulnerability and the decline of anti-stress ability. Frailty is a common clinical syndrome in the elderly and is an intermediate state from health to death. Grip strength, walking speed, chronic inflammatory factors and other aspects of the changes throughout the elderly health, aging, disease and end-of-life process, is also an important indicator of correlation research.

6. Human longevity is determined by a combination of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors.

Human longevity (human longevity) is affected by many factors, such as genetic factors, external environment and lifestyle. The "genetic factors" referred to here include both genetic and epigenetic aspects. Twins and epidemiological investigations indicate that genetic factors contribute about 15%-25% to longevity. However, the study found that the long-lived people have obvious family aggregation, and their immediate family members are more likely to live longer and less suffer from senile diseases, indicating the importance of genetic factors in the long-lived family population. Moreover, in view of the fact that more long-lived elderly people have bad habits such as smoking, drinking, high-fat diet, and lack of exercise, it is further explained that the unique genetic characteristics can help them avoid the impact of adverse external factors on their health. Through genetic studies, it is found that the variation of some important genes (such as FOXO3A and APOE) is significantly related to the long-lived population, suggesting that the long-lived population has an innate advantage in the genetic background. Therefore, the longevity phenomenon caused by the extension of life expectancy is likely to be based on genetic factors, combined with environmental factors and lifestyle.

7. Anti-aging is active health, less disease, late disease, is an important strategy to extend the healthy life.

Anti-aging (anti-aging) refers to an active health strategy based on the mechanism of aging, using a variety of biotechnology, health products and drugs to delay the aging process. The concept of "anti-aging" in this consensus is equivalent to "delaying aging". The goal of anti-aging is to get sick less, get sick later, and prolong healthy life. Anti-aging strategies include: removing senescent cells, taking drugs, restricting diet, interfering with intestinal flora, supplementing stem cells and active factors. The effective scheme is usually the comprehensive application of a variety of strategies, which may include: moderate diet, moderate exercise, good psychological state, appropriate supplement of health products and so on.

The results of several scientific studies show that anti-aging may be best from middle age. In the life cycle from early childhood, adolescence, middle age to old age, the phenomenon of physiological decline in old age is different from that of young age, that is, the phenotype of aging. In addition, the middle-aged (defined as 45-65 years old in foreign countries) human body has gradually appeared some obvious changes related to aging, and has accumulated some damage. Therefore, anti-aging from middle age, the effect will be better.

8. Supplementing cells and active factors can improve the health of middle-aged and elderly people and treat diseases

Human aging is closely related to the aging of stem cells in tissues. By infusing cells or active factors, it is possible to reduce the harm of aging and improve the health of middle-aged and elderly people, which is a kind of scientific anti-aging strategy. With the development of bioengineering and biotechnology, it has been possible to achieve large-scale in vitro and engineering expansion of stem cells, immune cells, skin cells, cartilage cells and other somatic cells; it can also extract active factors secreted by cells and apply them to the treatment of some diseases. Transplanted cells can play a role of substitution or supplement to reshape the regeneration and repair ability of the human body in the aging stage; it can also improve the tissue microenvironment, promote blood vessel regeneration, and improve the microcirculation blood supply of tissues and organs through paracrine function, thereby improving the health of the elderly. In view of the fact that some mechanisms in this field have not been studied clearly and there are still many problems, it is recommended to strengthen high-quality randomized double-blind controlled studies to ensure that the relevant applications are based on rigorous science.

9. Inherit the essence of traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese culture and promote the characteristic development of geriatric science.

In order to meet the challenge of the rapid aging of our population, we must base ourselves on China's social reality and historical tradition. Therefore, both the study of aging mechanism and anti-aging practice should be combined with the essence of Chinese traditional medicine and Chinese culture to promote the characteristic development of geriatrics (geroscience). Only in this way can our country cope with the challenge of aging more calmly and improve the health level of middle-aged and elderly people. Chinese traditional medicine, which has existed in China for more than 2000 years, has made great contributions to the survival and development of Chinese civilization. At the same time, it has also developed many principles and therapies for understanding aging and anti-aging, which are worthy of our inheritance and development.

In addition, the fine tradition of respecting the elderly and filial piety in Chinese culture, and the peaceful vision of "several generations living together" are very conducive to the mental health of the elderly and the prevention and treatment of geriatric diseases, which are worthy of further development.

Academic Guidance: Academician Tong Tanjun

Sponsor (in order of the initials of the Chinese phonetic alphabet, ranking is not in any order):

Quiet Bao Zhijun Bian Shuguang Cao Huifeng Cao Liu Cai Wangwei Chen Chang Chen Caizhen Chen Di Chen Haiyang

Chen Houzao Chen Jieli Chen Jun Chen Ning Chen Weichun Chen Xiaoliang Cong Yu Sheng Chu Yan Hui Cui Ying Cui Li Li

Fifth Permanent Chief Dou Fei Du Guankui Fan Hui Fan Yanfu Fan Yibing Fang Min Fang Penghua Feng Jiang Feng Qing

Gao Bo Gao Changhong Ge Renshan Gong Zhang Bin Guo Hongyan Guo Li Guo Lianfang Han Hui Han Limin Han Xiaoping

He Guozhong He Qi Yang He Yu Qi Hu Qiu Ling Hu Ping Huang Chao Huang River Lang Huang Xin River Ji Fang Jiang Hua

Jin Guoqin, Jin Si, Jin Yuling, Jiang Ying, Ju Zhenyu, Ke Zunji, Kong Qingpeng, Kong Yating, Lei Yan, Li Baojie

Li Chunjiang Li Fanghui Li Furong Li Haipeng Li Guolin Li Keshen Li Lei Li Lingwei Li Longxuan Li Ningxu

Li Shao Li Wei Li Xiyi Li Xia Li Xiuxia Li You Li Zhong Lin Yajun Lin Rong Liang Qicheng

Liang Xinglun Liang Xun Factory Liu Baohua Liu Huijuan Liu Guanghui Liu Hao Liu Jian Liu Health Liu Junbo Liu Junping

Liu Jianfeng, Liu Jianfeng, Liu Min, Liu Qiang, Liu Rui, Liu Tingting, Liu Xinguang, Liu Xing, Liu Yong, Ling Zhongxin

Liu Jun, Liu Li, Lu Chengbiao, Lu Jian, Lu Ming, Lu Li, Lu Xiaowei, Luan Ping, Long Qing, Dro Huanmin

Luo Huairong, Luo Jinlan, Luo Li, Luo Lili, Luo Yong, Ma Hongxia, Ma Ning, Ma Shuxia, Ma Quan Hong, Ma Rubiao

Ma Wenbin Mao Genxiang Mao Zebin Mao Zhiyong Mei Qi Jian Miao Dengshun Ni Ting Nian Peipei Nie Xuqiang Peng Xiaolin

Park Jinhua Qin Xujun Qin Zhenghong Qian Feng Qian Yayun Qiu Qiang Qiu Xiaoyi Qu Jing Parsley Ren Fengyun

Ren Ruotong, Ruan Qingwei, Shen Jie, Shi Hong, Song Chengjie, Song Shouzhong, Song Xiaoyu, Song Xusong, Yangzhou, Song Mo Zhi

Sun Fangling, Sun Peng, Sun Yu, Sun Yun, Tai Xiantao, Tang Haitao, Tao Jun, Qin Jian, Tang Tieshan, Tian Jing

Tian Xiaoli Tian Ye Tong Tan Jun Wan Zhongxiao Wang Bin Wang Changhe Wang Changping Wang Changyi Wang Chunbo Wang Chunming

Wang Didi Kingdom Fu Wang Hua Wang Jianwei Wang Kai Wang Lingling Wang Xiaoming Prince Mei Wang Ziying Wang Qinwen

Wang Rong Wang Wen Wang Wei and Wang Wei Wang Yali Wang Yongchun Wang Zhao Wang Chaohui Wang Zhongwei Wang Zhen

Wang Feng Wang Zhihong Wu Guisheng Wu Lei Wu Limin Wu Qing Wu Yiping Xia Shi Jin Xia Su Ying Xia Xiaohong

Xiao Junjie, Xiao Man, Xie Meilin, Xie Nanzi, Xiong Xingdong, Xiong Zhifan, Xu Chong, Xu Defeng, Xu Shujun, Xu Shun

Xu Xiaohong Yan Dongjing Yan Xingwei Yang Chun Yang Deying Yang Jinbo Yang Jing Yang Mingyao Yang Maojun Yang Xin

.3.

Yang Xiaobo, Ye Shengqin, Yin Dazhong, Yin Yue, Yin Yaling, Yu Jianchun, Yu Yanqiu, Yu Yingjun, Yu Wei

Yu Zhuowei, Yuan Ning, Zeng Yan, Zhai Qiwei, Zhai Yonggong, Zhan Libin, Zhang Dayong, Zhang Fengning, Zhang Guo, Zhang Hongbo

Zhang Jinlin, Zhang Jingjing, Zhang Jianjun, Zhang Li, Zhang Lina, Zhang Lan, Zhang Ming, Zhang Pengxia, Zhang Peng, Zhang Tao, female

Zhang Tao Little Female Zhang Tao Male Zhang Weiqi Zhang Wen Zhang Songlun Zhang Xiaowei Zhang Xuekun Zhang Xuejun Zhang Yu Zhang Yucheng

Zhang Zongyu Zhang Zhongshan Zhao Bao Lu Zhao Jianhua Zhao Lichun Zhao Ling Zhao Lei Zhao Yong Zhao Ying Zheng Chao

Zheng Cheng Ying Zheng Li Guo Zheng Rong Liang Zheng Yan Zheng Zhigang Zhong Ya Zhou Chuan Bo Zhou Guang Zhou Jin Ming Zhou Jun

Zhou Ruowang Zhou Xicheng Zhou Yeqi Zhou Zhongguang Zhu Guiming Zhu Jiangui Zhu Li Zhu Mei Zhu Yuechun Zou Chenggang

Zou Jun

Writings: He Qiyang, Liu Guanghui, Bao Zhijun, Kong Qingpeng, Tao Jun, Yu Yanqiu, Lei Yan

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